Public domain artwork (circa 1495) by Pedro Berruguete. His painting is of an Auto da fé (Act of Faith) penance ritual presided over by Saint Dominic for two condemned Albigensian Cathar men bound by their necks to posts while seated on publicly embarrassing phallic-shaped metal rods. Their restraints were devised so the men would suffer as long as possible from the flames of the fires set at the base of their posts. This ritual was done to condemned Catholics and non-Catholics as penance for their accused sins as in this depiction of a horrific Spanish Inquisition ritual from the 1400s.
